Iconic Daredevil Evel Knievel Dies at 69

Posted by mcfrazer November 30th, 2007

The Associated Press

By MITCH STACY

CLEARWATER, Fla. (AP) — Evel Knievel, the red-white-and-blue-spangled motorcycle daredevil whose jumps over crazy obstacles including Greyhound buses, live sharks and Idaho’s Snake River Canyon made him an international icon in the 1970s, died Friday. He was 69.

[Study] Research on Faith

Posted by mcfrazer May 4th, 2007

[Study] Research on Faith

“Faith as Ultimate Concern” by Paul Tillich

Summary by Meghan Ramsay (QCC, 2004)

Source: SUNY Suffolk

According to Tillich, “faith is the state of being ultimately concerned.” The Ultimate Concern is that which demands complete surrender of the person who faithfully accepts the Ultimate. Additionally, faith in and surrender to the Ultimate promises total completion regardless of what must be sacrificed in the name of faith. Tillich argues that faith is a task for the believer’s complete being—for instance, it is an act of both the conscious and the unconscious. He refers to faith as a “total and centered act of the personal self, the act of unconditional, infinite and ultimate concern.” Tillich then goes on to examine the sources for faith. He asserts that faith arises out of man’s awareness that he is a part of the infinite yet he is not the owner of this infinity. Additionally, he points out that God cannot be an object of faith without also being the subject of man’s faith. God, asserts Tillich, is present as the subject and object of ultimate faith while at the same time is transcendent beyond both subject and object. Tillich warns that there are finite things that claim infinity, such as the nation or state. However, unlike God, believers can approach such finite things with “ordinary knowledge.” Since God is infinite and ultimate and faith in God is the ultimate concern, Tillich asserts that only symbolic language is sufficient to express faith and God. Thus, he outlines the definition of the term “symbol.” Like signs, symbols refer to that which is beyond themselves. For instance, a stop sign points to the command to stop the movement of a vehicle. Similarly letters refer to sounds and meanings. However, unlike signs, symbols play a part in that which they represent and cannot be easily replaced. For instance, a country’s flag not only represents the nation that it stands for but also is an active participant in portraying the country’s “power and dignity.” Thus, it cannot simply be replaced unless the character of the nation itself is also changed. Tillich also asserts that symbols allow us to experience other levels of reality that are normally off limits to us. For instance art creates a symbol for a plane that we cannot move toward by science alone. Additionally, symbols open aspects of our souls which allow us to experience awareness of ourselves that we were not conscious of prior to experiencing the symbol (such as the depths that we can reach by listening to the “melodies and rhythms in music”). Another characteristic of a symbol is that it cannot be manufactured. Symbols arise from the unconscious and must be accepted on that level before conscious acceptance. Finally, since symbols cannot be intentionally produced, they come about and cease to exist in due time. In essence, they are borne out of a need and they perish when they no longer generate a reaction within the group that originally used them for expressive purposes.

Tillich then goes on to assert that anything that achieves ultimate concern for man is elevated to the status of god. However, when things like a nation or success become elevated to the level of ultimacy, they are merely false or idolatrous symbols of ultimate concern. Tillich also discusses that myths are an integral part of our ultimate concern. While a myth must be recognized as a myth (much like how a symbol must be recognized as a symbol), Tillich argues that any attempt to remove the mythological from our consciousness will be unsuccessful because myths signify a collection of symbols which stand for our ultimate concern. One might be able to replace one myth with another, but s/he could never completely remove mythology from human consciousness. In fact, Tillich argues that even a “broken myth,” one which has been proven to be understood as a myth and has not been removed from or replaced within consciousness, cannot be replaced with a scientific substitute because myths are the symbolic language of faith. However, Tillich also warns that one cannot simply accept myths as literal truths because they then loose their symbolic meaning and rob God of his standing as the ultimate.

Posted in Uncategorized

First Principles of Interaction Design

Posted by mcfrazer April 10th, 2007

Jump to:

Anticipation

Autonomy

Color Blindness

Consistency

Defaults

Efficiency of the User

Explorable Interfaces

Fitts’ Law

Human-Interface Objects

Latency Reduction

Learnability

Limit Tradeoffs

Metaphors

Protect the User’s Work

Readability

Track State

Visible Interfaces



Thefollowing principles are fundamental to the design and implementationof effective interfaces, whether for traditional GUI environments orthe web. Of late, many web applications have reflected a lack ofunderstanding of many of these principles of interaction design, totheir great detriment. Because an application or service appears on theweb, the principles do not change. If anything, applying theseprinciples become even more important.

• Deutsche (German) Version:

http://meiert.com/de/publications/translations/asktog.com/firstprinciples/



• Nederlands (Dutch) Version:

http://aifia.org/nl/translations/000187.html

• Spanish Version:

http://galinus.com/es/articulos/principios-diseno-de-interaccion.html



Effective interfaces are visually apparent and forgiving, instilling intheir users a sense of control. Users quickly see the breadth of theiroptions, grasp how to achieve their goals, and do their work.

Effectiveinterfaces do not concern the user with the inner workings of thesystem. Work is carefully and continuously saved, with full option forthe user to undo any activity at any time.

Effective applications and services perform a maximum of work, while requiring a minimum of information from users.



This work is copyright 2003 by Bruce Tognazzini. Permission to makecopies for personal use is granted without reservation, provided thiscopyright notice remains on the copy. Please contact the author forpermission to republish on a web site, to publish in bound form, or tomake multiple copies, except that educators and in-house corporatetrainers may make sufficient copies for their own students. Nocommerical use may be made of the work beyond this in-house exception.This notice must be retained together with any version of the work.


Anticipation

Applicationsshould attempt to anticipate the user’s wants and needs. Do not expectusers to search for or gather information or evoke necessary tools.Bring to the user all the information and tools needed for each step ofthe process.


Autonomy

Giveusers some breathing room. Users learn quickly and gain a fast sense ofmastery when they are placed “in charge.” Paradoxically, however,people do not feel free in the absence of all boundaries (Yallum,1980). A little child will cry equally when held too tight or left towander in a large and empty warehouse. Adults, too, feel mostcomfortable in an environment that is neither confining nor infinite,an environment explorable, but not hazardous.

Noautonomy can exist in the absence of control, and control cannot beexerted in the absence of sufficient information. Status mechanisms arevital to supplying the information necessary for workers to respondappropriately to changing conditions. As a simple example, workers,failing status information, will tend to maintain heightened pressureon themselves during slow periods, until the moment the work actuallyruns out. This will stress and fatigue them unnecessarily, so that whenthe next rush occurs, they may be lacking the physical and mentalreserves to handle it.

Usersshould not have to seek out status information. Rather, they should beable to glance at their work environment and be able to gather at leasta first approximation of state and workload. Status information can bequite subtle: the inbox icon could be switched to show an empty,somewhat full, or stuffed state. This, however, should not be overdone.The Macintosh, for years, showed an icon of a trashcan of imminentdanger of explosion if a single document was placed therein. Usersquickly formed the habit of emptying the trashcan as soon as the firstdocument hit. This not only turned a single-step operation into atwo-step operation (drag to the trash, then empty the trash), itnegated the entire power of the trashcan, namely, undo.

Asanother positive example, a search field icon can change color andappearance to indicate that the search is in progress or has beencompleted with too many matches, too few matches, or just enough. (Likeany element of the interface, just color is not enough; 10% of malesshow some indication of color blindness. Even a higher percentage mayhave temporary alterations in perception of blue under varyingconditions.)


Color Blindness


Most people havecolor displays nowadays, but they are not universal. In addition,approximately 10% of human males, along with a rare sprinkling offemales, have some form of color blindness.

The cones inthe eye are the source of color vision. We have cones separatelysensitive to red, green, and blue. If the red ones are not functioningthat is called protanopia. If the green are not functioning, that iscalled deuteranopia. Absence of blue, extremely rare, is calledtritanopia.

Protanopia and deuteranopia are the mostpopular forms of color blindness, collectively called red/greenblindness. (There are, in fact, significant differences in theireffects, but those differences have no real effect on interactiondesign.) While tritanopia is far more rare, it nonetheless rules outdependence on yellow-blue differentiation without secondary cues.

Secondarycues can consist of anything from the subtlety of gray scaledifferentiation to having a different graphic or different text labelassociated with each color presented.


Consistency

Thefollowing principles, taken together, offer the interaction designertremendous latitude in the evolution of a product without seriouslydisrupting those areas of consistency most important to the user.

  1. Interpretation of user behavior, e. g., shortcut keys maintain their meanings.
  2. Invisible structures.
  3. Small visible structures.
  4. The overall “look” of a single application or service–splash screens, design elements.
  5. A suite of products.
  6. In-house consistency.
  7. Platform-consistency.

Avoid uniformity. Make objects consistent with their behavior. Make objects that act differently look different.

The only way to ascertain user expectations is to do user testing. No amount of study and debate will substitute.


Defaults

  • Defaultsshould be easy to “blow away:” Fields containing defaults should comeup selected, so users can replace the default contents with newmaterial quickly and easily.
  • Defaults should be “intelligent” and responsive.



Efficiency of the User

Peoplecost a lot more money than machines, and while it might appear thatincreasing machine productivity must result in increasing humanproductivity, the opposite is often true. In judging the efficiency ofa system, look beyond just the efficiency of the machine.

Forexample, which of the following takes less time? Heating water in amicrowave for one minute and ten seconds or heating it for one minuteand eleven seconds?

From the standpoint of themicrowave, one minute and ten seconds is the obviously correct answer.From the standpoint of the user of the microwave, one minute and elevenseconds is faster. Why? Because in the first case, the user must pressthe one key twice, then visually locate the zero key, move the fingerinto place over it, and press it once. In the second case, the userjust presses the same key–the one key–three times. It typically takesmore than one second to acquire the zero key. Hence, the water isheated faster when it is “cooked” longer.

Other factorsbeyond speed make the 111 solution more efficient. Seeking out adifferent key not only takes time, it requires a fairly high level ofcognitive processing. While the processing is underway, the main taskthe user was involved with–cooking their meal–must be set aside. Thelonger it is set aside, the longer it will take to reacquire it.

Additionally,the user who adopts the expedient of using repeating digits formicrowave cooking faces fewer decisions. They soon abandon figuringout, for example, whether bacon should be cooked for two minutes andten seconds or two minutes and twenty-three seconds. They do a fastestimate and, given the variability of water content and baconthickness, end up with as likely a successful result with a lot lessdickering up front, again increasing human efficiency.

Since,typically, the highest expense in a business is labor cost. Any timethe user must wait for the system to respond before they can proceed,money is being lost.

Large organizations tend tobe compartmentalized, with each group looking out for its owninterests, sometimes to the detriment of the organization as a whole.Information resource departments often fall into the trap of creatingor adopting systems that result in increased efficiency and loweredcosts for the information resources department, but only at the cost oflowered productivity for the company as a whole.

Forexample, one large California corporation used floppy disks as themedium for collecting benefit enrollment information. At the beginningof open enrollment, each employee would receive a disk with theenrollment applications on which he or she would insert into theircomputer and run. After asking for the employee’s name, address, phonenumber, department name, etc., the employee would be permitted to stepthrough all the various benefits, ultimately returning the disk whichnow contained all their answers and decisions. The IR department thensucked the data off each disk and entered it into their system, allautomatically. The IR department saved a great deal of money over theold system, where they had to key in the employee’s decisions from apaper form.

What was the problem? Instead of the IRdepartment bearing the burden of keying in the employees’ decisions,each and every employee now bore the burden of typing in his or hername, address, phone number, department name, etc. The system was justas inefficient as before, but now the cost was borne by alldepartments, rather than having it concentrated in the IR department’sbudget.

This simple truth is why itis so important for everyone involved in a software project toappreciate the importance of making user productivity goal one and tounderstand the vital difference between building an efficient systemand empowering an efficient user. This truth is also key to the needfor close and constant cooperation, communication, and conspiracybetween engineers and human interface designers if this goal is to beachieved.

Example from a fictitious word processor:

Wrong:
  • Insert page break
  • Add Footnote
  • Update Table of Contents

    • Right:

    Insert:

  • Page break
  • Footnote
  • Table of contents

    • Here,the first example, with its leading words, is actually more informativeand more accurate: one does not “insert” a footnote if it is to beplaced after all the other footnotes. And one does not insert a tableof contents if there is already a table of contents there. Instead, oneupdates it. Still, the second example will prove much more efficient intime-trials. Why? Because the extra information the first exampleoffers does not outweigh the advantage of being able to scan only thefirst word in each menu item to find the specific menu item you areafter.


    Explorable Interfaces

    Mimicthe safety, smoothness, and consistency of the natural landscape. Don’ttrap users into a single path through a service, but do offer them aline of least resistance. This lets the new user and the user who justwants to get the job done in the quickest way possible and “no-brainer”way through, while still enabling those who want to explore and playwhat-if a means to wander farther afield.

    Thecloser you get to the naive end of the experience curve, the more youhave to rein in your users. A single-use application for accomplishingan unknown task requires a far more directive interface than ahabitual-use interface for experts.

    Stablevisual elements not only enable people to navigate fast, they act asdependable landmarks, giving people a sense of “home.”

    Peopleexplore in ways beyond navigation. Sometimes they want to find out whatwould happen if they carried out some potentially dangerous action.Sometimes they don’t want to find out, but they do anyway by accident.

    By making actions reversible, users can both explore and can “get sloppy” with their work.

    Theunavoidable result of not supporting undo is that you must then supporta bunch of dialogs that say the equivalent of, “Are you really, reallysure?” Needless to say, this slows people down.

    In theabsence of such dialogs, people slow down even further. A study a fewyears back showed that people in a hazardous environment make no moremistakes than people in a supportive and more visually obviousenvironment, but they worked a lot slower and a lot more carefully toavoid making errors.

    Users should never feel trapped. They should have a clear path out.

    Earlysoftware tended to make it difficult to leave. With the advent of theweb, we’ve seen the advent of software that makes it difficult to stay.Web browsers still festoon their windows with objects and options thathave nothing to do with our applications and services running within.Our task can become akin to designing a word process which, oh, by theway, will be using Photoshop’s menu bar. Having 49 options on thescreen that lead directly to destruction of the user’s work, along withone or two that just might help is not an explorable interface, it isthe interface from hell. If you are working with complex transactionsusing a standard web browser, turn off the menu bar and all of theother irrelevant options, then supply our own landmarks and options.




    Fitts’ Law

    Whileat first glance, this law might seem patently obvious, it is one of themost ignored principles in design. Fitts’ law (properly, but rarely,spelled “Fitts’ Law”) dictates the Macintosh pull-down menu acquisitionshould be approximately five times faster than Windows menuacquisition, and this is proven out.

    Fitts’ law dictatesthat the windows task bar will constantly and unnecessarily get inpeople’s way, and this is proven out. Fitts’ law indicates that themost quickly accessed targets on any computer display are the fourcorners of the screen, because of their pinning action, and yet, foryears, they seemed to be avoided at all costs by designers.

    Use large objects for important functions (Big buttons are faster).

    Usethe pinning actions of the sides, bottom, top, and corners of yourdisplay: A single-row toolbar with tool icons that “bleed” into theedges of the display will be many times faster than a double row oficons with a carefully-applied one-pixel non-clickable edge between thetools and the side of the display.




    Human Interface Objects

    Human-interfaceobjects are not necessarily the same as objects found inobject-oriented systems. Our objects include folders, documents, andthe trashcan. They appear within the user’s environment and may or maynot map directly to an object-oriented object. In fact, many earlygui’s were built entirely in non-object-oriented environments.




    Latency Reduction

    Latencycan often be hidden from users through multi-tasking techniques,letting them continue with their work while transmission andcomputation take place in the background.

    Eliminate any element of the application that is not helping. Be ruthless.




    Learnability

    Ideally,products would have no learning curve: users would walk up to them forthe very first time and achieve instant mastery. In practice, allapplications and services, no matter how simple, will display alearning curve.

    Usabilityand learnability are not mutually exclusive. First, decide which is themost important; then attack both with vigor. Ease of learningautomatically coming at the expense of ease of use is a myth.




    Metaphors, Use of

    Good metaphors are stories, creating visible pictures in the mind.

    Metaphors usually evoke thefamiliar, but often add a new twist. For example, Windows 95 has anobject called a briefcase. Like a real-world briefcase, its purpose isto help make electronic documents more portable. It does so, however,not by acting as a transport mechanism, but as a synchronizer:Documents in the desktop briefcase and the briefcase held on portablemedia are updated automatically when the portable media is inserted inthe machine.




    Protect Users’ Work

    (Even here, it has becomecompletely inexcusable that today’s computers and operating systems donot support and encourage continuous-save. That, coupled with a smallamount of power-protected memory could eliminate the embarrassment of$5000 machines offering the reliability of 10-cent toys.)




    Readability





    Track State

    We may need to know:

    and myriad other details.

    In addition to simply knowing where they’ve been, we can also make good use of what they’ve done.

    Users should be able to log off at work, go home, and take up exactly where they left off.

    Aprivate service for doctors, Physicians On Line, does an excellent jobwith this. Doctors can be 95% of the way through a complex transaction,log off, log in again six weeks later from another part of the world,and the service will ask them if they want to be taken right back towhere they were.




    Visible Navigation

    Most users cannot and will not build elaborate mental maps and will become lost or tired if expected to do so.

    TheWorld Wide Web, for all its pretty screens and fancy buttons, is, ineffect, an invisible navigation space. True, you can always see thespecific page you are on, but you cannot see anything of the vast spacebetween pages. Once users reach our applications, we must take care toreduce navigation to a minimum and make that navigation that is leftclear and natural. Present the illusion that users are always in thesame place, with the work brought to them. This not only eliminates theneed for maps and other navigational aids, it offers users a greatersense of mastery and autonomy.

    As with the inherentstatelessness of the web (see Track State, above), our job is not toaccept blindly what the architects have given us, but to add the layersof capability and protection that users want and need. That the web’snavigation is inherently invisible is a challenge, not an inevitability.











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    Posted in Uncategorized

    Moses and Milton

    Posted by mcfrazer March 20th, 2007

    I read the other day some verses written by an eminent painter which were original and not conventional. The soul always hears an admonition in such lines, let the subject be what it may. The sentiment they instil is of more value than any thought they may contain. To believe your own thought, to believe that what is true for you in your private heart is true for all men, — that is genius. Speak your latent conviction, and it shall be the universal sense; for the inmost in due time becomes the outmost,—— and our first thought is rendered back to us by the trumpets of the Last Judgment. Familiar as the voice of the mind is to each, the highest merit we ascribe to Moses, Plato, and Milton is, that they set at naught books and traditions, and spoke not what men but what they thought. A man should learn to detect and watch that gleam of light which flashes across his mind from within, more than the lustre of the firmament of bards and sages. Yet he dismisses without notice his thought, because it is his. In every work of genius we recognize our own rejected thoughts: they come back to us with a certain alienated majesty. Great works of art have no more affecting lesson for us than this. They teach us to abide by our spontaneous impression with good-humored inflexibility then most when the whole cry of voices is on the other side. Else, to-morrow a stranger will say with masterly good sense precisely what we have thought and felt all the time, and we shall be forced to take with shame our own opinion from another.

    Posted in Uncategorized

    Nunc Imperdiet Ligula Eu Nunc

    Posted by mcfrazer January 27th, 2007

    Nam tristique. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nulla dui. Suspendisse id enim sit amet urna scelerisque tristique. Fusce ac felis at massa faucibus eleifend. Vestibulum eget massa. Curabitur blandit. Fusce nulla. Aenean sed elit. Donec rhoncus velit eget felis. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Phasellus feugiat magna in dolor. Ut accumsan mollis justo. Etiam in tellus. Nunc lobortis elit sed diam. Suspendisse condimentum sapien nonummy purus. Integer eu urna. Cras laoreet, lectus ut tempus congue, velit purus aliquet ipsum, non tristique arcu justo in ante.

    • Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
    • Vivamus eget libero eu libero adipiscing auctor.
    • Praesent ac ligula quis ligula tincidunt condimentum.
    1. Vestibulum condimentum lobortis ante.
    2. Nam ut augue sit amet lorem suscipit condimentum.
    3. Quisque dapibus dignissim quam.
    4. Donec pulvinar porta erat.
    5. Proin vitae metus eu odio blandit eleifend.
    6. Nam et elit in elit sodales luctus.

    Nam tristique. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nulla dui. Suspendisse id enim sit amet urna scelerisque tristique. Fusce ac felis at massa faucibus eleifend. Vestibulum eget massa. Curabitur blandit. Fusce nulla. Aenean sed elit. Donec rhoncus velit eget felis. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Phasellus feugiat magna in dolor. Ut accumsan mollis justo. Etiam in tellus. Nunc lobortis elit sed diam. Suspendisse condimentum sapien nonummy purus. Integer eu urna. Cras laoreet, lectus ut tempus congue, velit purus aliquet ipsum, non tristique arcu justo in ante.

    Integer vel diam. Donec volutpat, dolor at interdum elementum, nibh est blandit magna, in tempor ligula sem a est. Vestibulum commodo, est eu feugiat convallis, dolor erat faucibus elit, at mattis pede dui sed mauris. Nam feugiat fermentum ligula. Nullam eu lectus. Suspendisse scelerisque viverra purus.

    Nam tristique. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nulla dui. Suspendisse id enim sit amet urna scelerisque tristique. Fusce ac felis at massa faucibus eleifend. Vestibulum eget massa. Curabitur blandit. Fusce nulla. Aenean sed elit. Donec rhoncus velit eget felis. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Phasellus feugiat magna in dolor. Ut accumsan mollis justo. Etiam in tellus. Nunc lobortis elit sed diam. Suspendisse condimentum sapien nonummy purus. Integer eu urna. Cras laoreet, lectus ut tempus congue, velit purus aliquet ipsum, non tristique arcu justo in ante.

    Posted in Uncategorized

    Proin Tempus Diam Eget Nulla

    Posted by mcfrazer January 26th, 2007

    Duis malesuada nulla at neque. Fusce scelerisque, pede sit amet dignissim cursus, neque elit semper mauris, quis venenatis ligula nisl eget arcu. Aliquam ac nisi. Cras malesuada mi id pede. Proin at nibh sed sapien dapibus convallis. Quisque et sem in magna dignissim egestas. Phasellus sit amet dolor in lorem feugiat laoreet. Mauris sem nibh, mattis id, tempus a, congue nec, dui. Curabitur vel eros. Sed sit amet augue. Vestibulum at sem id libero tincidunt varius.

    Duis malesuada nulla at neque. Fusce scelerisque, pede sit amet dignissim cursus, neque elit semper mauris, quis venenatis ligula nisl eget arcu. Aliquam ac nisi. Cras malesuada mi id pede. Proin at nibh sed sapien dapibus convallis. Quisque et sem in magna dignissim egestas. Phasellus sit amet dolor in lorem feugiat laoreet. Mauris sem nibh, mattis id, tempus a, congue nec, dui. Curabitur vel eros. Sed sit amet augue. Vestibulum at sem id libero tincidunt varius.

    Duis malesuada nulla at neque. Fusce scelerisque, pede sit amet dignissim cursus, neque elit semper mauris, quis venenatis ligula nisl eget arcu. Aliquam ac nisi. Cras malesuada mi id pede. Proin at nibh sed sapien dapibus convallis. Quisque et sem in magna dignissim egestas. Phasellus sit amet dolor in lorem feugiat laoreet. Mauris sem nibh, mattis id, tempus a, congue nec, dui. Curabitur vel eros. Sed sit amet augue. Vestibulum at sem id libero tincidunt varius.

    Posted in Uncategorized

    Mauris Ut Nibh Vel Diam Accumsan Viverra

    Posted by mcfrazer January 25th, 2007

    Integer vel diam. Donec volutpat, dolor at interdum elementum, nibh est blandit magna, in tempor ligula sem a est. Vestibulum commodo, est eu feugiat convallis, dolor erat faucibus elit, at mattis pede dui sed mauris. Nam feugiat fermentum ligula. Nullam eu lectus. Suspendisse scelerisque viverra purus.

    Integer vel diam. Fusce quis tellus bibendum metus dictum pharetra. Nulla adipiscing hendrerit erat. Suspendisse dictum, nisl nec vehicula dictum, lorem ipsum ullamcorper mi, in mollis ligula pede ac neque. Vestibulum lobortis lacinia purus. In tristique eros vitae felis. Maecenas dignissim lacinia velit. Etiam aliquet orci. Duis accumsan mollis nisi. Donec volutpat, dolor at interdum elementum, nibh est blandit magna, in tempor ligula sem a est. Vestibulum commodo, est eu feugiat convallis, dolor erat faucibus elit, at mattis pede dui sed mauris. Nam feugiat fermentum ligula. Nullam eu lectus. Suspendisse scelerisque viverra purus.

    Integer vel diam. Fusce quis tellus bibendum metus dictum pharetra. Nulla adipiscing hendrerit erat. Suspendisse dictum, nisl nec vehicula dictum, lorem ipsum ullamcorper mi, in mollis ligula pede ac neque. Vestibulum lobortis lacinia purus. In tristique eros vitae felis. Maecenas dignissim lacinia velit. Etiam aliquet orci. Duis accumsan mollis nisi. Donec volutpat, dolor at interdum elementum, nibh est blandit magna, in tempor ligula sem a est. Vestibulum commodo, est eu feugiat convallis, dolor erat faucibus elit, at mattis pede dui sed mauris. Nam feugiat fermentum ligula. Nullam eu lectus. Suspendisse scelerisque viverra purus.

    Integer vel diam. Fusce quis tellus bibendum metus dictum pharetra. Nulla adipiscing hendrerit erat. Suspendisse dictum, nisl nec vehicula dictum, lorem ipsum ullamcorper mi, in mollis ligula pede ac neque. Vestibulum lobortis lacinia purus. In tristique eros vitae felis. Maecenas dignissim lacinia velit. Etiam aliquet orci. Duis accumsan mollis nisi. Donec volutpat, dolor at interdum elementum, nibh est blandit magna, in tempor ligula sem a est. Vestibulum commodo, est eu feugiat convallis, dolor erat faucibus elit, at mattis pede dui sed mauris. Nam feugiat fermentum ligula. Nullam eu lectus. Suspendisse scelerisque viverra purus.

    Posted in Uncategorized

    Nam Pharetra Erat Sit Amet Neque

    Posted by mcfrazer January 21st, 2007

    Duis in ligula ac turpis adipiscing adipiscing. Nullam purus enim, faucibus eu, suscipit eu, suscipit in, nibh. Curabitur imperdiet quam vel libero. Proin sed lacus a est bibendum semper. Vivamus est quam, scelerisque id, rhoncus a, dapibus et, ipsum. Quisque quam erat, porttitor at, imperdiet in, consectetuer placerat, eros. Vivamus convallis libero nec lacus. Pellentesque urna. Nulla nulla. Curabitur tempor magna at augue. Morbi et purus feugiat justo porta condimentum. In molestie augue sit amet lectus. Sed malesuada. Fusce interdum turpis et augue. Curabitur volutpat quam non orci. Donec pulvinar leo non quam. Sed ac ipsum sed ipsum faucibus ultricies. Duis molestie sapien ut leo sollicitudin porttitor.

    Duis in ligula ac turpis adipiscing adipiscing. Nullam purus enim, faucibus eu, suscipit eu, suscipit in, nibh. Curabitur imperdiet quam vel libero. Proin sed lacus a est bibendum semper. Vivamus est quam, scelerisque id, rhoncus a, dapibus et, ipsum. Quisque quam erat, porttitor at, imperdiet in, consectetuer placerat, eros. Vivamus convallis libero nec lacus. Pellentesque urna. Nulla nulla. Curabitur tempor magna at augue. Morbi et purus feugiat justo porta condimentum. In molestie augue sit amet lectus. Sed malesuada. Fusce interdum turpis et augue. Curabitur volutpat quam non orci. Donec pulvinar leo non quam. Sed ac ipsum sed ipsum faucibus ultricies. Duis molestie sapien ut leo sollicitudin porttitor.

    Duis in ligula ac turpis adipiscing adipiscing. Nullam purus enim, faucibus eu, suscipit eu, suscipit in, nibh. Curabitur imperdiet quam vel libero. Proin sed lacus a est bibendum semper. Vivamus est quam, scelerisque id, rhoncus a, dapibus et, ipsum. Quisque quam erat, porttitor at, imperdiet in, consectetuer placerat, eros. Vivamus convallis libero nec lacus. Pellentesque urna. Nulla nulla. Curabitur tempor magna at augue. Morbi et purus feugiat justo porta condimentum. In molestie augue sit amet lectus. Sed malesuada. Fusce interdum turpis et augue. Curabitur volutpat quam non orci. Donec pulvinar leo non quam. Sed ac ipsum sed ipsum faucibus ultricies. Duis molestie sapien ut leo sollicitudin porttitor.

    Posted in Uncategorized

    Curabitur Ornare Bibendum Mauris

    Posted by mcfrazer January 20th, 2007

    Sed tortor nulla, ultricies non, gravida vel, dignissim condimentum, sapien. Proin tincidunt mauris in erat. Sed auctor dui nec tellus. Vestibulum sed elit sit amet tellus tristique cursus. Curabitur commodo est id magna. Duis quis nibh. Integer elit purus, ultricies adipiscing, pretium molestie, fringilla nec, mauris. Phasellus nisl mi, hendrerit in, pharetra eget, ullamcorper at, urna. Sed eros orci, laoreet congue, tincidunt non, facilisis non, tellus. Nulla interdum ipsum id nisl. Maecenas quis nisi. Nam vitae eros tincidunt est varius condimentum. Mauris laoreet urna quis turpis. Pellentesque a sapien. Donec ut ligula. Integer elit diam, commodo vel, aliquam nec, vehicula commodo, nunc. Vestibulum vel quam. Vestibulum leo. Phasellus hendrerit cursus pede.

    Whoso would be a man must be a nonconformist. He who would gather immortal palms must not be hindered by the name of goodness, but must explore if it be goodness. Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind. Absolve you to yourself, and you shall have the suffrage of the world. I remember an answer which when quite young I was prompted to make to a valued adviser, who was wont to importune me with the dear old doctrines of the church.

    Sed tortor nulla, ultricies non, gravida vel, dignissim condimentum, sapien. Proin tincidunt mauris in erat. Sed auctor dui nec tellus. Vestibulum sed elit sit amet tellus tristique cursus. Curabitur commodo est id magna. Duis quis nibh. Integer elit purus, ultricies adipiscing, pretium molestie, fringilla nec, mauris. Phasellus nisl mi, hendrerit in, pharetra eget, ullamcorper at, urna. Sed eros orci, laoreet congue, tincidunt non, facilisis non, tellus. Nulla interdum ipsum id nisl. Maecenas quis nisi. Nam vitae eros tincidunt est varius condimentum. Mauris laoreet urna quis turpis. Pellentesque a sapien. Donec ut ligula. Integer elit diam, commodo vel, aliquam nec, vehicula commodo, nunc. Vestibulum vel quam. Vestibulum leo. Phasellus hendrerit cursus pede.

    • Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
    • Vivamus eget libero eu libero adipiscing auctor.
    • Praesent ac ligula quis ligula tincidunt condimentum.
    1. Vestibulum condimentum lobortis ante.
    2. Nam ut augue sit amet lorem suscipit condimentum.
    3. Quisque dapibus dignissim quam.
    4. Donec pulvinar porta erat.
    5. Proin vitae metus eu odio blandit eleifend.
    6. Nam et elit in elit sodales luctus.

    Sed tortor nulla, ultricies non, gravida vel, dignissim condimentum, sapien. Proin tincidunt mauris in erat. Sed auctor dui nec tellus. Vestibulum sed elit sit amet tellus tristique cursus. Curabitur commodo est id magna. Duis quis nibh. Integer elit purus, ultricies adipiscing, pretium molestie, fringilla nec, mauris. Phasellus nisl mi, hendrerit in, pharetra eget, ullamcorper at, urna. Sed eros orci, laoreet congue, tincidunt non, facilisis non, tellus. Nulla interdum ipsum id nisl. Maecenas quis nisi. Nam vitae eros tincidunt est varius condimentum. Mauris laoreet urna quis turpis. Pellentesque a sapien. Donec ut ligula. Integer elit diam, commodo vel, aliquam nec, vehicula commodo, nunc. Vestibulum vel quam. Vestibulum leo. Phasellus hendrerit cursus pede.

    Posted in Uncategorized

    Integer Pretium Sapien Nec Pede

    Posted by mcfrazer January 19th, 2007

    In gravida. Maecenas consequat orci eu lacus. Quisque malesuada lacus sit amet diam. Donec mollis, nisi ut lobortis pulvinar, purus turpis ornare ante, sed tempus lorem velit quis tellus. Ut eu enim. Vestibulum eu odio nec risus hendrerit adipiscing. Quisque sagittis porta felis. Aenean eu enim nec nunc rhoncus lacinia. Aliquam in mi. Sed pellentesque dolor vitae erat.

    Whoso would be a man must be a nonconformist. He who would gather immortal palms must not be hindered by the name of goodness, but must explore if it be goodness. Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind. Absolve you to yourself, and you shall have the suffrage of the world. I remember an answer which when quite young I was prompted to make to a valued adviser, who was wont to importune me with the dear old doctrines of the church.

    In gravida. Maecenas consequat orci eu lacus. Quisque malesuada lacus sit amet diam. Donec mollis, nisi ut lobortis pulvinar, purus turpis ornare ante, sed tempus lorem velit quis tellus. Ut eu enim. Vestibulum eu odio nec risus hendrerit adipiscing. Quisque sagittis porta felis. Aenean eu enim nec nunc rhoncus lacinia. Aliquam in mi. Sed pellentesque dolor vitae erat.

    Aliquam et ipsum et massa mollis fermentum. Donec eleifend ante et erat. Cras aliquet varius nulla. In nonummy facilisis lacus. Aenean felis quam, suscipit et, tincidunt sed, elementum euismod, massa. Nunc eu odio et sapien malesuada porttitor. Fusce facilisis tellus id quam consequat nonummy. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Aliquam consequat metus id pede. Phasellus lacus. Quisque et pede. Etiam eros. Nullam ultrices vulputate diam.

    Aliquam et ipsum et massa mollis fermentum. Donec eleifend ante et erat. Cras aliquet varius nulla. In nonummy facilisis lacus. Aenean felis quam, suscipit et, tincidunt sed, elementum euismod, massa. Nunc eu odio et sapien malesuada porttitor. Fusce facilisis tellus id quam consequat nonummy. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Aliquam consequat metus id pede. Phasellus lacus. Quisque et pede. Etiam eros. Nullam ultrices vulputate diam.

    Aliquam et ipsum et massa mollis fermentum. Donec eleifend ante et erat. Cras aliquet varius nulla. In nonummy facilisis lacus. Aenean felis quam, suscipit et, tincidunt sed, elementum euismod, massa. Nunc eu odio et sapien malesuada porttitor. Fusce facilisis tellus id quam consequat nonummy. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Aliquam consequat metus id pede. Phasellus lacus. Quisque et pede. Etiam eros. Nullam ultrices vulputate diam.

    Whoso would be a man must be a nonconformist. He who would gather immortal palms must not be hindered by the name of goodness, but must explore if it be goodness. Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind. Absolve you to yourself, and you shall have the suffrage of the world. I remember an answer which when quite young I was prompted to make to a valued adviser, who was wont to importune me with the dear old doctrines of the church. On my saying, What have I to do with the sacredness of traditions, if I live wholly from within? my friend suggested, “But these impulses may be from below, not from above.” I replied, “They do not seem to me to be such; but if I am the Devil’s child, I will live then from the Devil.” No law can be sacred to me but that of my nature. Good and bad are but names very readily transferable to that or this; the only right is what is after my constitution, the only wrong what is against it. A man is to carry himself in the presence of all opposition, as if every thing were titular and ephemeral but he. I am ashamed to think how easily we capitulate to badges and names, to large societies and dead institutions. Every decent and well-spoken individual affects and sways me more than is right. I ought to go upright and vital, and speak the rude truth in all ways. If malice and vanity wear the coat of philanthropy, shall that pass? If an angry bigot assumes this bountiful cause of Abolition, and comes to me with his last news from Barbadoes, why should I not say to him, ‘Go love thy infant; love thy wood-chopper: be good-natured and modest: have that grace; and never varnish your hard, uncharitable ambition with this incredible tenderness for black folk a thousand miles off. Thy love afar is spite at home.’ Rough and graceless would be such greeting, but truth is handsomer than the affectation of love. Your goodness must have some edge to it, else it is none. The doctrine of hatred must be preached as the counteraction of the doctrine of love when that pules and whines. I shun father and mother and wife and brother, when my genius calls me. I would write on the lintels of the door-post, Whim. I hope it is somewhat better than whim at last, but we cannot spend the day in explanation. Expect me not to show cause why I seek or why I exclude company. Then, again, do not tell me, as a good man did to-day, of my obligation to put all poor men in good situations. Are they my poor? I tell thee, thou foolish philanthropist, that I grudge the dollar, the dime, the cent, I give to such men as do not belong to me and to whom I do not belong. There is a class of persons to whom by all spiritual affinity I am bought and sold; for them I will go to prison, if need be; but your miscellaneous popular charities; the education at college of fools; the building of meeting-houses to the vain end to which many now stand; alms to sots; and the thousandfold Relief Societies; though I confess with shame I sometimes succumb and give the dollar, it is a wicked dollar which by and by I shall have the manhood to withhold.

    In gravida. Maecenas consequat orci eu lacus. Quisque malesuada lacus sit amet diam. Donec mollis, nisi ut lobortis pulvinar, purus turpis ornare ante, sed tempus lorem velit quis tellus. Ut eu enim. Vestibulum eu odio nec risus hendrerit adipiscing. Quisque sagittis porta felis. Aenean eu enim nec nunc rhoncus lacinia. Aliquam in mi. Sed pellentesque dolor vitae erat.

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